Depressive illness

 Cipian dedicated to those who have signs of depressive illness and depressive illness who have been inscription
mm high and one on that winter, I met the first time in my life the greatest catastrophe. For whatever reason, in less than four month period, down to the bottom point of studying the body there is a problem, my friends and getting away from me mm, all of a sudden I feel like I lost everything.
I grew up in silence, the kind of resentment from the pain of Health from resentment and hatred, and when I am unable to save all the time, I completely desperate, a word in mind are all dead.
snow outside, I stood on the fourth floor of teaching upstairs, looking at downstairs all white, with the death impulse. When I wanted to climb the fence at a time when, following a sudden commotion downstairs classroom of students vying go to the Middle School classroom building, and soon I saw a police car, ambulance, then a person carrying a single frame. Looking at the white of a group, I suddenly some sober, I was doing? run? what good I do in the end.
later learned that day 10 minutes ago in I, a high school senior students due to the pressure too much repetition, jump down from the fifth floor.
is later, and I know that I've got the depressive illness. So what is depression and disease? < br> famous psychologist Martin. Seli Man will be referred to psychiatric depression in the depression, although most of their depressive episode without treatment can be 3 to 6 months in the end of the period, but that does not mean you can leave them feeling depressed. Our life is full of large size small setbacks and failures, many people will experience unemployment, divorce, loss of a loved one, or other pain. often our most coveted things, it no longer exists, and often we love the most, can no longer return to us. When the time comes, we will experience sorrow, pain, and even despair. Usually, by the reality of these events caused a clear depression and sadness is normal, short, and some even in favor of individual growth. However, some symptoms of depression are not very clear, reasonable external incentives; others, though their lives have been some negative life events, but they continued to have depressive symptoms for a long time, far more than the general emotional reaction to these events, and depression is getting worse, seriously affected the work, life and learning. If so, then it is likely that they suffer from mental illness in the world today --- the largest depression. Depression English as depression, that word, whether in China or in English, have existed for many centuries. In ancient China, Chinese literature, has long been a in the broad sense disorder) and chronic depression (mild depression, dysthymia). other, for example, depressive neurosis, reactive depression, postpartum depression, seasonal depression, menopause, depression, and so on. in the narrow sense of depression is important depression. abroad diagnostic criteria (dsm-iii and icd-10) has been attributed to depression neurosis mood disorder, and in the domestic standards ccmd-2, still the depressive neurosis and the distinction between major depressive disorder to.
If you have to give a definition of depression, then, so to speak, depression usually refers to mood disorders, is a kind of low mood as the main features of the syndrome. This may be from a mood disorder Poor mild to severe depression, which is different from the normal depression. For us ordinary people, their symptoms start, is the best way to understand depression. What are the symptoms of depression in fact, depression and not only involves our emotions, but a
(1) emotional symptoms of depression, mood symptoms are the most significant, the most common symptoms. the patient's emotional symptoms of depression include two aspects: the disappearance of depressive mood and interest. the lives of patients with depression, it seems full of the helplessness and despair. If you let depression described her feelings, she often said: The basic mood disorder is depression, but their mood, or that their depression vary over time. even in day time will change. Generally speaking, the most obvious symptoms of depression in the morning, Patients tend to feel almost no power from the bed, as the day goes on, emotions will gradually improve some, the evening's mood is relatively the best. almost as common as depression, mood symptoms, another loss of interest: patients with depression often experience less than the joys of life. In the past interested in things like participate in the activities, and now that it fails to pique their interest. loss of interest from a number of activities are often the beginning, for example, work. However, with depressive symptoms development, almost all patients gradually lost interest in everything. like the people playing chess, the board slowly stacking up the dust; people who like to play, the court never see his shadow; like the people at the party , the party no longer hear his voice. Finally, even the basic biological instincts, such as food and sex can not cause any of their passion.
(2) cognitive symptoms, cognitive symptoms of depression Another major symptoms. mainly reflected in the unprovoked crime from self-blame, to exaggerate their weaknesses, narrowing their advantage, the performance of a cognitive nature of illogical and unrealistic. depression evaluation of their total is negative. this negative thinking, for his own eyes and in the future, are covered with a thick layer of gray. He often believes he is a failure, and failure is all about himself. they believe they inferior, less intelligent, less competent, less attractive, less money, and so on. In short do not succeed, have no hope. depression, these views are often distorted, and reality is not consistent. Once a setback occurred in patients with depression will put all the blame on themselves. some patients with extreme depression, and even the world believe they should be responsible for the injustices and inequalities, they should for their own .
(3) motivation for symptoms of depression symptoms of the patient's motivation is reflected in lack of motivation to do anything. We Different people have different level of motivation. Most people are able to do the morning to get up on time to work or school, can actively looking for ways to entertain us, and others. However, patients with depression do not actively looking for ways to say entertain themselves, they began to do anything is a very difficult thing, great need for self-struggle. severe depression patients, disheveled bed every day motionless, all day long Chafanbusi, brow furrowed, man of few words, or even in tears. even if they have action, action is also evident slowly.
(4) physical symptoms were the most hidden physical symptoms of depression. With the development of depressive symptoms, all biological, psychological pleasure was lost completely. appetite of patients with depression are often poor, and even are usually people who love to eat, food and wine also can not afford to hook his appetite. depression, patients often become thin. sleep problems occur, difficult to fall asleep at night, in the morning and wake up early, even if asleep, sleep The quality is very poor. loss of appetite, sleep well, and gradually the patient will become weak and tired. the sexual life of patients with depression will also be affected, men and women or sex erectile dysfunction is a common phenomenon. The emergence of a variety of somatic symptoms, patients tend to weaken the body resistance to disease.
Therefore, the patient added anxiety and depression a reason: their own health. In fact, for most people, there is no need to do such a detailed distinction. Here, we will be the main clinical symptoms of depression as a sum: A Case somatic symptoms (psychological symptoms of patients (%), irritability, headache 90 (not happy, sadness) 100 insomnia, lack of concentration 84 78 73 Dizziness slow thinking 62 pain (general) lack of interest 61 48 self-confidence of less than 60 memory loss anxiety 43 51 39 suspicious weak energy loss of 35 50 30
despair how to distinguish between normal depression and depression when depression state of mind and well-known sadness similar, but more lasting, the patient depressed, worried all day, a worried frown, sigh. while in depression, frustration, despair, always felt that to when, once hard to find wandering. , beautiful world in their eyes turned into a gray.
Specifically, depression symptoms and depression normal difference is:
(1) the extent and nature of the former beyond the normal variation boundaries, often a strong suicidal intent;
(2) may be associated with autonomic or somatic symptoms such as waking, constipation, anorexia, weight loss, decreased sexual function, apathetic, in addition, often accompanied by mental illness symptoms or manifestations of neurosis. China's diagnostic criteria in fact, the widespread use of national standards and the United States are similar. in accordance with the national diagnostic criteria, in a continuous period of two weeks, the patient showed five of the following nine symptoms for more than and at least symptoms (1) and (2) a, (these symptoms must be the patient did not have before, or very light), can be diagnosed as depression. 1. depressed most of the day, or self-reported by the patient (eg, feeling sad, empty heart), or observed by others (for example, secretly tears). Note: In children and adolescents, can be expressed as irritability, mood rather than the obvious .2 depression. In most of the time every day, usually interested in all or most of the activities of lost interest. or by patient self-report or observation by others 3.. a significant reduction in body weight or increase (5% of normal weight ), appetite decreased or increased. Note: In children, consider the lack of normal weight. 4. day of insomnia or hypersomnia. 5. Psychomotor hyperactivity or decrease each day (more than a subjective feeling of restlessness or self- do not want to move, others can be observed). 6. every day fatigue, lack of energy. 7. a day to feel worthless, or from the crime of self-deprecating (may be delusional). This is not just an ordinary self-blame, or just feel ashamed of their depression. 8. day decline in attention and thinking, are hesitant to make a decision. (self-report or observation of others) 9. often think of death (not just fear of death), or commit suicide often the idea but no specific plan, or specific plan to commit suicide, and even suicide.
What is the harm
depression depression is that it is the largest cause harm suicide, according to U.S. data, the suicide rate in patients with clinical depression as ten percent. China in this regard is no exact statistics. we care about is not the exact statistics, but such a concept: the suicide rate among depressed patients is very high . Experts predict that by 2020, depression will become the second killer after cancer of the human, and as many female patients in particular, the World Health Organization has listed it as number one threat to women's health.
depression was first two major harm to patients is that it has brought untold suffering with depression living with a gray world, loss of enjoyment of life, learning and working efficiency is greatly reduced. At the same time, they also affected by insomnia, anxiety, weakness and other physical symptoms of torture . depression on overall function of your might make you a surprise. depression can consume your physical fitness, reduce your interest in life. it makes you feel as if caught in a quagmire, unable to move, do things that strenuous, or even could be easy things you do not dare to face the. libido often disappears too soon, because your thoughts turn inward, to focus on our bodies. the body's daily rhythm disorders occur, appetite, activity and sleep will change. sleep is often interference, inability to recover. feeling of depression is different at different times of the day. If the reason depression is closely related to the day, financial mood during the day will certainly be more serious, so that you can not sleep because you are torture is being affected by all kinds of trouble, all the issues are pushed your head, over and over again, upset the rest of you.
depression is that it is the third largest hazard to the depression brought family and friends with a lot of misfortune living with depression is very painful. At the same time, depression can affect the quality of life of people around. depression, the mother of the child's growth is very bad, and the child's depression is also likely to bring the parents of depression state of mind. If the husband of depression, then his wife would not have a better life. From the above symptoms of depression, we can easily imagine that depression patients and relatives and friends how much impact the quality of life.
depression has become A catastrophic illness the year 1999 November 14, World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General, Dr Brundtland disclosure: the world's top 10 cause disability or incapacity of the disease, there is a mental illness 5 : depression which ranked first, far higher than schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and other mental illnesses. 2020, in addition to ischemic heart disease other than depression will become of life, increased economic burden of disease, the second largest .2003 Dec. 16 People's Daily reported that China has more than 2,600 people suffering from depression, resulting in economic loss of more than 64 billion yuan annually.
depression patients, 10-15% will eventually die by suicide. up to 100 million people who attempted suicide.
generation superstar Leslie Cheung, literary giant Ernest Hemingway, writer San Mao, seems to be irrelevant, but also committed suicide, because suicide is also has a said depression.
, experts say: the soul of depression, like imprisonment, endangering the health of the blue virus epidemic in the world, and its terror not as smallpox, plague and other infectious diseases, but its long-term harm they are definitely only on it, not under it.
a staggering figure
l the world 250 million people with depression
l China l 26 million patients with depression lifetime prevalence of depression of about 15%
l the prevalence of depression 2 times higher in women than in men, l consumption due to a variety of depression, the world lost 2% -5% annual output value of
l world's 10 most prescription drugs, antidepressants l 3 accounted for depression patients, 10-15% will eventually die by suicide.
l Depression is the fourth leading cause of disability world-level medical institutions
l in 10 patients, there a depression, but only 1 / 3 to get the right diagnosis and treatment
l According to the World Health Organization survey, 95% of patients with depression should not be in line with scientific principles of service
l About 40% of Chinese patients with depression is the first doctor to the general hospital, general hospital physician recognition of depression less than 20%. there is a big blind.
So how to determine the depressive illness?
depression disease testing Keywords:
If you own, or your family, more time in a bad mood, insomnia, very quiet, not love activities, you can check us methods of psychological measurement, preliminary check test, can give you an early, preliminary evaluation, is not got a clue of depression.
self-rating depression scale (referred to as SDS) was published in 1965, Chung's, a patient themselves , the Depression Self-Rating Scale. (see Zung's self rating depression scale)
short of this scale, generally within ten minutes to complete, without any equipment, simple. composed of 20 questions Each issue represents a symptom of depression characteristics, together, can reflect depression, depression, mood, physical symptoms of discomfort, mental exercise, behavioral symptoms and psychological symptoms. and can determine the severity of depression and have different levels of depressive symptoms.
can determine the degree of severity of depression, therefore, not only used for diagnosis, after treatment can also be used to observe the effect, if improved, and the degree of improvement is not had returned to normal.
Method One:
before use of this scale should note the following:
This is a self-rating scale, therefore, to the patient or suspected in a bad mood assessment themselves, others Do not remind, not to help assess or comment on, to change the patient's view. If you do not understand the content, others can read by the patient's own evaluation of what level, or no assessment of this scale hh
time, not hours, 1-2 days experience, the general time frame should be at least 1 week's time, if the assessment is the first time, preferably two weeks for the right time.
the title of this scale of 20 (Please look at the scale), half (10) Title of the problem is to ask questions according to presence or absence of symptoms, such as: continuously in four grades, scores from 1 to 4, and gradually increase, no - for no insomnia (1 point); sometimes - on behalf of a week 1 to 2 days of insomnia (2 points); often - representatives within one week of a 4-day insomnia 3 (3 points); continuous - every day on behalf of insomnia (4 points). the other half of the subject problem is the opposite question and symptoms, such as . In fact, patients have decreased appetite, depression symptoms, but the problem is the reverse, in the score, the never, sometimes, often, continuing the four scoring, but also on the contrary, is gradually reducing, non - as usual on behalf of not more than, and is eating less than usual every day at 4 pm; sometimes - sometimes on behalf of, l ~ 2 天 within a week and usually eat as much (3 points); often within a week --- 3 to 4 days to eat much as usual (2 points); continuous - every day, and eat more than usual, without loss of appetite symptoms (1 point), so, during the assessment, it must pay attention to, is a positive to, or reverse the problem.
the final results of this scale is calculated as follows: first add 20 comprehensive topics obtained score, converted to percentage index, the method see the formula:
index formula: index = total score (score) / Total score (80) x100
authors note: index of depressive symptoms and the severity of the following: 50% index: normal (no depressive symptoms); index at 50% to 59%: mild depression; index 60% to 69%: moderate depression; index of 70% or more severe to severe depression.
Although this scale to measure severity of depression , it can not determine the classification of depression, the detection of depression, the patient should be timely to conduct a detailed psychiatric examination, diagnosis and treatment of Depression Scale

This table is published in 1965, Chung's established can not only detect depressive mood measured process-based, is light or heavy, part of the body can also help a variety of non-comfort-oriented patients. determine whether the symptoms of depression, helps to conceal the diagnosis of depression. Thus, for depression, often feel no interest in people living meaningless test investigation. also applies to patients with various chronic physical diseases, who were tested.
this scale is extremely simple, composed of the 20 questions, based on their own within a week to answer the .20 a feeling among subjects, respectively, reflecting the depressed mood, physical symptoms, mental exercise and psychological symptoms of experience, because it is self-evaluation, not others participate in the evaluation, but also need to be reminded. If it is illiterate, can read the topic by someone else, not help someone else answer, by themselves determine the severity.
In reply, should be noted that some topics are contrary to the meaning of the statement, for example, depressed mood patients often feel life is not meant, but the problem is the feeling among the topics very interesting life, then the score should pay attention to points to the contrary. put a * before such questions, to remind you to pay attention to check and be checked.
ZUNG's Depression Rating Scale
nearly a week, depending on your feelings to the score, the order numbers never, sometimes, often, continuing
1, I was feeling frustrated, depressed 1 2 3 4
* 2, I am feeling better the morning 4 3 2 1
3, I'm going to cry or cry 1 2 3 4
4, I have trouble sleeping at night 1 2 3 4
* 5, I eat as much as the usual 4 3 2 1
* 6, my sexual function was normal 4 3 2 1
7, I am losing weight 1 2 3 4
8, I have trouble with constipation. 123 4
9. My heart beats faster than usual 1 2 3 4
10, I feel tired for no reason 1 2 3 4
* 11. My mind is as clear 4 3 2 1
* 12 things I do not feel like the usual difficulties 4 3 2 1
13, I am restless and difficult to maintain calm 1 2 3 4
* 14, I feel there is hope for the future 4 3 2 1
15, I am angered more easily than usual 1 2 3 4
* 16, I think it is easy to decide what matters 4 3 2 1
* 17. I feel themselves as useful and indispensable man 432 1
* 18, my life makes sense 4 3 2 1
19, if I die, others would be better 1 2 3 4
* 20, I still like his usual favorite car West 4 3 2 1
Analysis: Indicators for the score. the 20 projects added to each score, that was rough points. standard score equivalent of crude after the men traveling to the integer part of 1.25. Total crude upper limit of normal points 41 points, the standard total score of 53 points. just for reference.
this rating scale can not only help diagnose whether symptoms of depression, you can also determine the severity of depression. Therefore, on the one hand can be used as a secondary diagnosis tools, it can also be used to observe the process in the treatment of depression condition changes, be used as indicators to determine efficacy. However, this rating scale can not be used to determine the nature of depression, so it is not the cause of depression and disease diagnosis Classification using the table.
judging method II:
filling Method: This questionnaire consists of 20 questions posed for each question were 0 - 4 digital, representing: 0 = no, 1 = occasional, 2 = sometimes, 3 = often, 4 = always.
you according to a recent week, including today's sense, each question circle the most appropriate digital.
normal 16 points or less; Mild 16-35 points; moderate 36-45 points, severe> 45 minutes.
test questions
standard
1. I wish I died suddenly one day. 01234
2. small I am very anxious. 01234
3. I met a trifle annoyed. 01234
4. I feel in life, he is weak. 01234
5. I feel alive, to mean anything. 01234
6. I feel flustered. 01234
7. I have no interest in the opposite sex. 01234
8. I think too much of this, everything as well as others. 01234
9. I get to do things are undecided. 01234
10. I think I die. 01234
11. my whole body without any effort. 01234
12. I am speaking voice becomes feeble, little more than gossip. 01234
13. I said, the total sleep time at night a lot less than usual. 01234
14. I do not want to do anything. 01234
15. I am happy, happy, not happy. 01234
16. I feel miserable or feel uncomfortable. 01234
17. I am boring all around. 01234
18. I felt nervous. 01234
19. I do not want to eat. 01234
20. I feel much thinner than usual. 01234
how in the absence of drugs under the effect of self-treatment:
living in the wider world, everyone will encounter this or that goes wrong things, and often will fall into depression, mood and affect health. to deal with feelings of depression is the most effective way to psychological adjustment. The following specific practices will be introduced to the seven, when you feel depressed a try.
repeat Read the letter again, the enemy of the letters, sometimes tempted emotion, eyes filled with tears, in which case do not have to forcibly suppressed, do deep breathing several times, Calm down, put the contents of the letter to read again, this can reduce the heart The thoughts of love, and easy engraved in mind. Later, when things goes wrong when encountered, you can search out from the memory, get a little comfort.
old haunt revisit the days of remembrance and with the enemy, can indulge in the mood Among past. to re-visit old haunt to trigger association, recalled the scene, and old friends together to enjoy once again happy hour.
express feelings in words the text is an excellent tool for expressing emotions, even if the people who miss not receive information, but in the memory of the author express the feelings of the moment, there will be the release of feeling.
painting depression because if parents miss this time, they can be kind of face paint pen, do not care about like and the like, as long as preoccupied with painting, I feel it would be like spending the holidays with them, eliminating them because there are not accompanied by unhappiness generated.
listening to music, music can shape personality, the mood calm. If a bad mood to should listen to favorite music, whether it is pop music, orchestra, or traditional songs, the most important thing is that touches your soul, swore off trouble, balanced mood.
homemade bookmark bookmark hands can help to concentrate, sent to the unhappy, can also be selected through the books or patterns, to show their heart. For example, miss the parents, to think about their teachings, will be accompanied by text about the picture made like bookmarks, caught in the regular reading of the book, from time to time to remind and encourage their own, they would not feel lonely and depressed Mi wilt.
contemplation of natural phenomena when you feel helpless and depressed, try to own exposure to nature and listen to the sounds of nature, independent view of the natural changes, the personal experience of human small. the edge of death and the cycle of nature is the fact that the same change, do not let it fall into the situation difficult to extricate themselves.
conclusion: In this era of increasing social pressure, learn to adjust their emotions and learn to care about helping others. I believe there is love in a society under the disease should be possible to eliminate.